LONELINESS AND ISOLATION
U.S. Surgeon General Dr. Vivek Murthy has been emphasizing importance of avoiding loneliness and isolation as a good health measure. He has written a couple of books on this topic, which are often quoted as reference by others. He says that we have social muscles the same as physical muscles. When we don’t use them, they get weaker.
Loneliness is a crisis in America. Studies show that 60 percent of Americans are alone. Others have questioned this since some degree of loneliness is felt by most people for limited time periods. Prolonged periods of loneliness can lead to a variety of mental and emotional problems, including depression, substance abuse, violence and suicide. When it is unchecked, it can affect both mental and physical health, leading to heart problems, obesity, dementia and cognitive disorders.
What is the difference between loneliness and isolation? In isolation, the person is physically separated from others, as a measure of quarantine or punishment or solitude and the person may or may not be in communication with others. In loneliness, the person may be physically surrounded by other people but is mentally disconnected from them and is without communication with others. The difference is being alone versus being lonely.
In “Declaration of Independence,” it is stated that we have an unalienable right for “Life, Liberty, and Happiness.” Studies show that happy people are more social or in other words social people are happier. Strong connection with family and friends is important in warding off isolation and loneliness. One may have to be proactive and reach out to friends. You don’t have to be an extrovert but can be open-minded to meet and talk to others.
Make new friends. Be comfortable to strike up a conversation with a new person.
Warm relationships with a small number of people may be more meaningful compared to superficial hi-bye with multiple casual acquaintances. About four to six close friends are good instead of many acquaintances. Develop new friends but keep old friends. Women talk freely and open their minds readily and have more friends than men who throttle up their emotions. Young people and old people experience more loneliness than those in midlife because of an active life.
In this bustling world of technology and social media, it is paradoxical to find that loneliness is a growing epidemic. We have unparalleled connectivity through social media, yet people feel more isolated than ever. Frequent use of social media causes more seclusion, depression and deepening sense of loneliness. This is because of the lack of depth and authenticity and unrealistic portrayal of life in the virtual world. Remote work from home takes away casual conversations and small talk that are common at the workplace. Teens who spend more than three hours a day on social media suffered mental issues such as loss of self-esteem, sadness, felt bullied and even had suicidal ideations.
Another reason for loneliness is erosion of family structure, extended families and social structure. Work-life imbalance, long hours of work, remote and online work and studies, fragmented society with race, religion, and politics, cul-de-sac housing phenomenon are all factors. Loneliness got worse during the pandemic with added isolation, quarantine and lockdown. Cultural gap is quoted as another reason, where immigrants and foreign students feel left out. Eastern societies generally have more human interactions compared to Western societies. Situational loneliness can happen following death of a spouse, break up of a relationship, relocation related to employment or education, unhappy marriage, post-partum depression, and disabilities or chronic illnesses.
One of the cornerstones in management of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease is socialization and interaction with others. Dr. Vivek Murthy recommends five actions over five days to build more social connections. Such actions can be simple like expression of gratitude, offer of help or support, a word of compliment or appreciation, small talk or smile. Joining a group class with like-minded people can help to feel connected without actively engaging in a conversation. Adopting a pet can be helpful. Personal efforts such as exercise, yoga, meditation, sleep are other measures of value. Meet someone for a meal. Go for a walk with a friend or family. Cook and drop off food for someone who is alone or ill. Volunteering is an option.
‘People watching’ is described as a therapy. In most European cities, there are town centers, where people gather just for an outing, sit around, watch other people, have coffee, beverage or food, listen to music and watch shows. Going to malls, temples of worship, church or local craft serves a similar effect. Living in urban areas, assisted living facilities or senior homes have higher chances of connectivity compared to rural neighborhoods. Instead of sending another social message, plan for a face-to-face direct meeting. However, moderate and judicious use of Internet and social media can enhance connectivity. Certain individuals may need professional therapy or counseling. Stigma of mental health leads to reluctance to seek help.
Loneliness and isolation are slow killers, especially among older singles and teenagers. Early recognition and proactive preventive steps are needed to mitigate same.Dr. Venkit S. Iyer, MD, FACS, is a retired general and vascular surgeon. He has authored six books: “Decision making in clinical surgery” first and second editions; “Aging well and reaching beyond,” “The Clinic,” “Geriatrics Handbook” and “Iyer’s story book for children.” They are available through Amazon or from the author. His website venkitiyer.com has necessary links and contact information.
Editor’s Note: Khaas Baat sincerely thanks Dr. Ravindra Nathan for his valuable contributions through his monthly health column starting with our first year of publication.
EYE CARE
Focus on Eye Health and Vision Care in August
As the summer heat peaks in August, it’s essential to consider how the season impacts our eye health. Many of us spend more time outdoors, soaking up the sun, which brings both benefits and risks for our vision. This month is an ideal time to focus on eye care, emphasizing preventive measures and awareness of common eye conditions.
Sun Protection for Eyes
One of the most significant concerns during August is exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays. Just as our skin needs protection from the sun, our eyes do too. Prolonged exposure to UV rays can lead to cataracts, macular degeneration and even cancer of the eyelids. Wearing sunglasses that block 100 percent of UVA and UVB rays is crucial. It’s also beneficial to wear a wide-brimmed hat for additional protection.
Hydration and Eye Health
Hydration is another key factor in maintaining eye health. Dehydration can cause dry eyes, which leads to discomfort and blurred vision. Drinking plenty of water and using artificial tears, if necessary, can help keep your eyes moist and comfortable. Humidifiers can also be beneficial in maintaining optimal moisture levels in the air, especially in air-conditioned environments.
Allergy Management
August is also a time when allergies can flare up, causing itchy, red and watery eyes. Pollen, dust and other allergens are prevalent, making it important to manage allergy symptoms effectively. Over-the-counter antihistamine eye drops can provide relief, but if symptoms persist, consulting an eye care professional is advisable to prevent further irritation or infection.
Eye Exams and Check-Ups
Routine eye exams are essential, and August is an excellent time to schedule them. Regular check-ups can detect early signs of eye conditions such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. Early detection and treatment are crucial in preventing vision loss and maintaining eye health.
Digital Eye Strain
With the rise in remote work and virtual learning, many people experience digital eye strain from prolonged screen time. August is a good month to reassess screen habits. The 20-20-20 rule is a helpful guideline: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away. Adjusting screen brightness, using anti-glare screens and maintaining an appropriate distance from the screen can also help reduce eye strain.
Nutrition for Eye Health
Nutrition plays a vital role in eye health. Foods rich in vitamins C and E, zinc, lutein and Omega-3 fatty acids can help maintain good vision and prevent age-related eye conditions. August is a great time to incorporate more leafy greens, fish, nuts and citrus fruits into your diet, ensuring your eyes get the nutrients they need.
Eye Safety in Activities
August often means more outdoor activities, from swimming to sports. Protecting your eyes during these activities is crucial. Wearing goggles while swimming can prevent eye infections caused by bacteria and chemicals in the water. For sports, wearing protective eyewear can foil injuries, which are a leading cause of vision loss in children and adults.
Children’s Eye Health
With back-to-school season approaching, August is a perfect time to focus on children’s eye health. Ensuring kids have proper vision is essential for their learning and development. Scheduling comprehensive eye exams before the school year begins can identify any vision problems that might affect academic performance.
Raising Awareness
Lastly, August is a great month to raise awareness about eye health within your community. Whether through social media, community events or educational workshops, spreading information about the importance of eye care can have a significant impact. Encouraging friends and family to prioritize their eye health helps foster a culture of proactive care, leading to healthier, happier lives.